What does double-entry accounting ensure?

Double-entry accounting is a fundamental principle that mandates every financial transaction to impact at least two accounts in a way that keeps the accounting equation—assets equal liabilities plus equity—in balance. This method ensures that the financial integrity of a business is maintained, as every debit entry made will have a corresponding credit entry of equal value.

This systematic approach allows for a complete view of a company’s financial situation and helps prevent errors and fraud, as each transaction is cross-verified through its dual nature. This principle is crucial for accurate financial reporting and aids in the preparation of reliable financial statements.

While the other options touch on aspects of accounting, they do not encapsulate the essence of double-entry accounting. Closing accounts at the end of a period, adhering to GAAP, or recognizing revenue when earned are important practices, but these are not exclusive to double-entry accounting and do not represent its primary function.